价值流程图七个步骤详解(七步曲绘制价值流程图)

一、价值流程图的绘制步骤

价值流程图是一种通过图形展示企业价值流动情况的工具，绘制价值流程图的步骤如下：

1、确定价值流程图的范围和目的，在此基础上选择正确的价值流程图类型。

example code:
var scope = 'production process';
var purpose = 'identify waste and improve efficiency';
if (purpose == 'identify waste and improve efficiency') {
  var type = 'Value Stream Map';
} else if (purpose == 'identify customer needs') {
  var type = 'Customer Value Stream Map';
} else {
  var type = 'other type';
}

2、收集数据，包括生产的各个环节以及所需的所有信息。

example code:
var process = ['raw material inventory', 'machining process', 'assembly process', 'finished goods inventory'];
var data = {
  'raw material inventory': {
    'inventory level': 'high',
    'lead time': '2 weeks'
  },
  'machining process': {
    'cycle time': '1 hour',
    'capacity': '10 units/hour'
  },
  'assembly process': {
    'cycle time': '30 minutes',
    'capacity': '20 units/hour'
  },
  'finished goods inventory': {
    'inventory level': 'low',
    'lead time': '1 week'
  }
};

3、基于收集的数据绘制价值流程图，注意标注信息，包括工作站、库存、运输等。

example code:
drawValueStreamMap(process, data);

二、价值流程图的作用

价值流程图可以帮助企业全面了解价值流和非价值流环节，确定改善方向，从而提高生产效率和客户满意度。

1、分析价值流程，发现因制造而产生的浪费，并通过改进流程，提高生产效率。

example code:
var waste = ['overproduction', 'waiting', 'unnecessary motion', 'defects'];
var improve = ['standardized work', 'balancing workload', 'elimination of non-value-added steps', 'quality control'];

2、发现如何满足客户的需求，并降低企业成本。

example code:
var customerNeed = ['short lead time', 'high-quality products', 'competitive price'];
var costReduction = ['reduced inventory', 'increased efficiency', 'elimination of non-value-added steps', 'optimal resource allocation'];

三、价值流程图一般步骤

价值流程图中常用的七个步骤如下：

1、定义价值流程。

example code:
var valueStream = {
  'product': 'electric drill',
  'value-added time': '2 hours',
  'non-value-added time': '4 hours',
  'customer lead time': '1 week',
  'production lead time': '1 day'
};

2、创建价值流程图。

example code:
var valueStreamMap = {
  'supplier': {
    'inventory': 100,
    'lead time': '2 days'
  },
  'process 1': {
    'capacity': '10 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '1 hour'
  },
  'process 2': {
    'capacity': '5 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '2 hours'
  },
  'process 3': {
    'capacity': '20 units/day',
    'cycle time': '4 hours'
  },
  'customer': {
    'inventory': 50,
    'lead time': '1 week'
  }
};

3、绘制当前状态的价值流程图。

example code:
drawValueStreamMap(valueStreamMap);

4、确定价值流和非价值流环节。

example code:
var nonValueAdded = ['waiting', 'transportation', 'inspection', 'inventory'];

5、确定改进方向。

example code:
var improveDirection = ['reduced lead time', 'elimination of non-value-added steps', 'improved quality'];

6、制定改进计划。

example code:
var improvementPlan = {
  'target': 'reduce lead time by 50%',
  'actions': ['standardize work', 'create continuous flow', 'setup time reduction', 'improve quality']
};

7、绘制改进后的价值流程图。

example code:
drawValueStreamMap(improvedValueStreamMap);

四、精益价值流程图八个步骤

精益价值流程图包括以下八个步骤：

1、定义价值。

example code:
var value = {
  'product': 'electric drill',
  'customer need': 'high-quality products with short lead time and competitive price'
};

2、确定价值流。

example code:
var valueStream = {
  'supplier': {
    'inventory': 100,
    'lead time': '2 days'
  },
  'process 1': {
    'capacity': '10 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '1 hour'
  },
  'process 2': {
    'capacity': '5 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '2 hours'
  },
  'process 3': {
    'capacity': '20 units/day',
    'cycle time': '4 hours'
  },
  'customer': {
    'inventory': 50,
    'lead time': '1 week'
  }
};

3、绘制当前状态的价值流程图。

example code:
drawValueStreamMap(valueStream);

4、确定价值流和非价值流环节。

example code:
var nonValueAdded = ['waiting', 'transportation', 'inspection', 'inventory'];

5、创建流程并标识价值流和非价值流环节。

example code:
var leanValueStreamMap = {
  'supplier': {
    'inventory': 100,
    'lead time': '2 days',
    'value-added': false
  },
  'process 1': {
    'capacity': '10 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '1 hour',
    'value-added': true
  },
  'process 2': {
    'capacity': '5 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '2 hours',
    'value-added': false
  },
  'process 3': {
    'capacity': '20 units/day',
    'cycle time': '4 hours',
    'value-added': true
  },
  'customer': {
    'inventory': 50,
    'lead time': '1 week',
    'value-added': false
  }
};

6、识别浪费和瓶颈。

example code:
var waste = ['overproduction', 'waiting', 'unnecessary motion', 'defects'];
var bottleneck = ['process 2'];

7、优化流程，根据改进方向和改进计划进行优化。

example code:
var improveDirection = ['reduced lead time', 'elimination of non-value-added steps', 'improved quality'];
var improvementPlan = {
  'target': 'reduce lead time by 50%',
  'actions': ['standardize work', 'create continuous flow', 'setup time reduction', 'improve quality']
};
var optimizedValueStreamMap = {
  'supplier': {
    'inventory': 100,
    'lead time': '2 days',
    'value-added': false
  },
  'process 1': {
    'capacity': '12 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '50 minutes',
    'value-added': true
  },
  'process 2': {
    'capacity': '5 units/hour',
    'cycle time': '2 hours',
    'value-added': false
  },
  'process 3': {
    'capacity': '25 units/day',
    'cycle time': '3.2 hours',
    'value-added': true
  },
  'customer': {
    'inventory': 50,
    'lead time': '1 week',
    'value-added': false
  }
};

8、再次绘制优化后的流程图。

example code:
drawValueStreamMap(optimizedValueStreamMap);